ARFID is an under-recognized eating disorder. It affects an estimated 0.5% to 5% of the population.
ARFID was only added to the DSM-5 in 2013. It receives less attention and research funding compared to other eating disorders.
Distinguishing ARFID from Other Disorders
ARFID differs from anorexia and bulimia. It’s not focused on body shape or size.
People with ARFID restrict food based on sensory preferences. This can lead to significant health problems despite different motivations.
Prevalence and Impact of ARFID
Studies suggest 0.5% to 5% of people have ARFID. It can affect individuals of all ages.
ARFID can cause nutritional deficiencies and growth problems. Social and emotional impacts are also common.
ARFID’s Effects on Daily Life
ARFID can severely limit social interactions. Sufferers may avoid parties, restaurants, and family meals.
Anxiety around food is a common symptom. This can lead to isolation and reduced quality of life.
Symptoms and Behavior Patterns
People with ARFID have very limited “safe” foods. They may show extreme vigilance about food brands.
Some can detect small changes in food preparation. This rigidity can be challenging for families and caregivers.
Causes and Risk Factors
People with ARFID have very limited “safe” foods. They may show extreme vigilance about food brands.
Some can detect small changes in food preparation. This rigidity can be challenging for families and caregivers.
Long-term Health Consequences
ARFID can lead to significant growth delays. Nutritional imbalances are common.
In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary. Early intervention is crucial to prevent long-term health issues.
ARFID vs. Picky Eating
ARFID is more severe than picky eating. It involves high anxiety around new foods.
People with ARFID may have as few as 5-10 acceptable foods. The level of impairment distinguishes it from normal picky eating.
Treatment Approaches for ARFID
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has shown effectiveness. Exposure therapy is often part of treatment.
Medication may be considered in some cases. Family-based approaches can also be beneficial.
Strategies for Supporting ARFID Patients
Prioritize adequate calorie intake over variety. Use tools like timers for meal reminders.
Try “food chaining” to introduce new foods. Avoid punishment and maintain a supportive stance.
